The Challenge
ERCP is an endoscopic procedure to evaluate and treat issues within the bile and pancreatic ducts, like stone removals, biopsies or other conditions. In most cases, gastroenterologists need to access the bile duct to start treatment. The entry is through a common channel (Ampulla) that forks into the bile duct and the pancreatic duct.
Navigating the guidewire to the bile duct is difficult in about 20% of ERCP cases due to blind navigation, anatomy variation & abnormalities, and operator proficiency.
Recurring attempts to access the bile duct, bumping against the duct walls and unintended entries and contrast injections to the pancreatic duct, significantly increase the procedure time & cost.
Above all, difficult cannulation increases the risk of pancreatic inflammation (Occurs ~10 % of ERCP cases, estimated to cost US$200M in United States) which causes significant suffering to the patients, and possible mortality.